Before you start with calculus 3 you need to review the
following topics from Calc 1 and Calc 2. The most important topics are
highlighted
Parametric
Equations and Curves –
In this section we will introduce parametric equations and parametric curves
(i.e., graphs of parametric equations). We will graph several sets of
parametric equations and discuss how to eliminate the parameter to get an
algebraic equation which will often help with the graphing process.
Polar Coordinates –
In this section we will introduce polar coordinates an alternative coordinate
system to the ‘normal’ Cartesian/Rectangular coordinate system. We will derive
formulas to convert between polar and Cartesian coordinate systems. We will
also look at many of the standard polar graphs as well as circles and some
equations of lines in terms of polar coordinates.
Derivatives
The
Definition of the Derivative – In this section we define the
derivative, give various notations for the derivative and work a few problems
illustrating how to use the definition of the derivative to actually compute
the derivative of a function.
Interpretation
of the Derivative – In this section we give several of the more
important interpretations of the derivative. We discuss the rate of change of a
function, the velocity of a moving object and the slope of the tangent line to
a graph of a function.
Differentiation Formulas – In this section we give most of the general derivative
formulas and properties used when taking the derivative of a function. Examples
in this section concentrate mostly on polynomials, roots and more generally
variables raised to powers.
Product and Quotient Rule – In this section we will
give two of the more important formulas for differentiating functions. We will
discuss the Product Rule and the Quotient Rule allowing us to differentiate
functions that, up to this point, we were unable to differentiate.
Derivatives of Trig Functions –
In this section we will discuss differentiating trig functions. Derivatives of
all six trig functions are given.
Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithm Functions
–
In this section we derive the formulas for the derivatives of the exponential
and logarithm functions.
Derivatives of Inverse Trig Functions – In this section we give
the derivatives of all six inverse trig functions. We show the derivation of
the formulas for inverse sine, inverse cosine and inverse tangent.
Chain Rule – In this section we discuss one of the more useful
and important differentiation formulas, The Chain Rule. With the chain rule in
hand, we will be able to differentiate a much wider variety of functions. As
you will see throughout the rest of your Calculus courses a great many of
derivatives you take will involve the chain rule!
Higher Order Derivatives In
this section we define the concept of higher order derivatives and give a quick
application of the second order derivative and show how implicit
differentiation works for higher order derivatives.
Integrals
Indefinite
Integrals – In this section we will start off the chapter with the
definition and properties of indefinite integrals. We will not be computing
many indefinite integrals in this section. This section is devoted to simply
defining what an indefinite integral is and to give many of the properties of
the indefinite integral. Computing indefinite integrals will start in the next
section.
Computing Indefinite Integrals – In
this section we will compute some indefinite integrals. The integrals in this
section will tend to be those that do not require a lot of manipulation of the
function we are integrating in order to actually
compute the integral. As we will see starting in the next section many
integrals do require some manipulation of the function before, we can actually do the integral. We will also take a quick look at
an application of indefinite integrals.
Substitution Rule for Indefinite Integrals –
In this section we will start using one of the more common and useful integration
techniques – The Substitution Rule. With the substitution rule we will be able
integrate a wider variety of functions. The integrals in this section will all
require some manipulation of the function prior to integrating unlike most of
the integrals from the previous section where all we really needed were the
basic integration formulas.
More Substitution Rule – In this section we will continue to look at the
substitution rule. The problems in this section will tend to be a little more
involved than those in the previous section.
Area Problem – In this section we start off with the motivation for
definite integrals and give one of the interpretations of definite integrals.
We will be approximating the amount of area that lies between a function and
the x-axis. As we will see in the next section this problem will lead us
to the definition of the definite integral and will be one of the main
interpretations of the definite integral that we'll be looking at in this
material.
Definition of the Definite Integral – In this section we will formally
define the definite integral, give many of its properties and discuss a couple
of interpretations of the definite integral. We will also look at the first
part of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus which shows the very close
relationship between derivatives and integrals
Computing Definite Integrals –
In this section we will take a look at the second part
of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. This will show us how we compute
definite integrals without using (the often very unpleasant) definition. The
examples in this section can all be done with a basic knowledge of indefinite
integrals and will not require the use of the substitution rule. Included in
the examples in this section are computing definite integrals of piecewise and
absolute value functions.
Substitution Rule for Definite Integrals –
In this section we will revisit the substitution rule as it applies to definite
integrals. The only real requirements to being able to do the examples in this
section are being able to do the substitution rule for indefinite integrals and
understanding how to compute definite integrals in general.
Integration by Parts – In this section we will be looking at Integration by
Parts. Of all the techniques we’ll be looking at in this class this is the
technique that students are most likely to run into down the road in other
classes. We also give a derivation of the integration by parts formula.
Arc Length – In this section we’ll determine the length of a curve over
a given interval.
Integrals
Involving Trig Functions –
In this section we look at integrals that involve trig functions. In particular, we concentrate on integrating products of
sines and cosines as well as products of secants and tangents. We will also
briefly look at how to modify the work for products of these trig functions for
some quotients of trig functions.