There are 2 limits you need to memorize and they are both found in Theorem 1.6.5. The first one is the one used predominantly in the homework. Remember that x stands for any number. Thus we also know that .
For the problems (17, 18) for which x is approaching , first find the limit of the expression in the parentheses, then take the sine or cosine of that answer.
For problems 1-8, keep two things in mind.